Classification

Classification 1. Complete part A of the lab on pg 354-355 in your text book. Find picture of organism and a dichotomous key to use for your classmates and post to the Wiki. Tyia Suppose you have four insects a ladybug, a housefly, a dragonfly and a grasshopper. After studying the insects, you might use wing covering, body shape, and where the wings point towards. To begin the key, you could start separating the four insects based on wing covering - "wings covered by exoskeleton" vs. "wings not covered by exoskeleton." The first step in the key will be organized the following way: 1. a. wings covered by an exoskeleton b. wings not covered by an exoskeleton Next, the statements need to lead the observer to the next step to narrow the identification further: 1. a. wings covered by an exoskeleton ………go to step 2 b. wings not covered by an exoskeleton ……….go to step 3 Step 2 needs to consist of a pair of statements that will allow for the identification of the ladybug and the grasshopper: 2. a. body has a round shape ……….ladybug b. body has an elongated shape ……….grasshopper Step 3 needs to consist of a pair of statements that will allow for the identification of the housefly and dragonfly: 3. a. wings point out from the side of the body ……….dragonfly b. wings point to the posterior of the body ……….housefly

2. Define biodiversity. Why is it important that we preserve biodiversity? Justess Biodiversity is the variety of organisms considered at all levels, from populations to ecosystems. Because Biodiversity performs a number of ecological services for humankind.

3. Describe Linnaean’s system of classification. Include pictuers. Erin

Caroulus Linnaeus (1707 – 1778) devised a system of grouping organisms into hierarchical categories according to their form and structure. Each category represents a level of grouping form larger, more general categories, to smaller more specific categories. Linnaeus's original system had seven levels.

Kingdom - is made up of only two kingdoms – animals and plants. Domains - categories above the kingdom level Phyla - subsets below the kingdom level. Classes – each phylum consists of classes Orders – each class consist of orders Family Genus Species

Binomial Nomenclature Linnaeus gave organisms a species name, or scientific name with two pats; the genus name is to species identifier.

Biologists refer to variations of a species that live in different geographic areas of a subspecies and humans are known as Homo sapiens

4. What are the rules of binomial nomenclature? Give an example. Bridget What are the rules of binomial nomenclature?

1.) Always use the Genus and Specie >>> 3.) Italicize scientific name Examples -Genus name -Siren intermedia -Specie name -siren
 * 1) Capitalize Genus lower case species

-Genus name -Ambystoma maculatum -Specie name -spotted salamander

5. Find a cladogram on the Internet and explain which organism are most closely related. Define the common ancestor and pick out the common ancestor on the cladogram. Jayla Common Ancestor- the most recent individual from which all organisms in the group are directly descended. Primates and Rodents & Rabbits are most closely related. Dinosaurs & birds are the common ancestors, and the crocodiles are most closely related to them. 6. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Archaebacteria. Describe the way they obtain energy, reproduce, their environment, they types of cells, if they are multicellular or unicellular. Deja

7. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Eubacteria. Describe the way they obtain energy, reproduce, their environment, they types of cells, if they are multicellular or unicellular. Stanford Obtain energy- Eubacteria are autotrophic and heterotrophic, most are autotrophic Reproduction- asexual only- binary fission Environment- everywhere type of cell- prokaryotic Single Cell discovered about 2-3.5

8. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Protista. Describe the way they obtain energy, reproduce, their environment, they types of cells, if they are multicellular or unicellular. Mattison
 * ** Characteristics- ** animal-like, fungus like, and plant-like. Plant-like protists (algea) have chlorophyll and accessory pigments, like xanthosphylls, phycobilins and carotene. Protists have a nucleus and they move towards food, ligy or living areas.
 * They obtain energy by sun light
 * Eukaryotic cells
 * Reproduce asexually and sexually
 * mostly unicellular, but some can be multicellular

9. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Fungi. Describe the way they obtain energy, reproduce, their environment, they types of cells, if they are multicellular or unicellular. Matthew 10. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Plantae. Describe the way they obtain energy, reproduce, their environment, they types of cells, if they are multicellular or unicellular. Victoria Victoria Hurst Kingdom Plantae has many unique characteristics. One characteristic is that their cell walls are made out of cellulose. Another is that they are multicellular. Plus they are 100% autotrophic. Autotrophic means that they make there own food. Also they can live in water,on land, and about anywhere. They reproduce sexual. Another characteristic is that plants make up 90% of the food supply. Plants first appeared about 500 million years ago. Another is that their cell membrane is made of plasma. Some more characteristics are that they are chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll enabling it to perform photosynthesis. The way they obtain energy is by photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process of which plants change sunlight into energy. This energy is their food which contains oxygen and glucose. They reproduce sexual which means they reproduce with two parents. In a plants environment they need sunlight and they need water. They live almost about anywhere on Earth. Their cell type is multicellular. Plants have root cells, leaf cells, and stem cells.They contain alot of highly specialized cells.

11. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Animalia. Describe the way they obtain energy, reproduce, their environment, they types of cells, if they are multicellular or unicellular. Kendyl The animalia kingdom > Animals are unable to produce their own food like plants, so they must ingest food from an outside source. Carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, predators, scavengers, and prey - they are all animals that must find ways to obtain food.
 * multicellular
 * the reproduce sexual where specialized organs called gonads (female ovary/male testis) through meiosis produce genetically-diverse gametes (female eggs/male sperm)
 * . **. Heterotrophic**
 * Animal cells are typical of the eukaryotic cell. Unlike the cells of the two other eukaryotic kingdoms, plants and fungi, animal cells don't have a cell wall. This feature was lost in the distant past by the single-celled organisms that gave rise to the kingdom Animalia.
 * Animals get there energy from the things they eat

kendyl